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Kali Linux

Tutorials, tools, and techniques for penetration testing and ethical hacking with Kali Linux.

19 articles

Kali Linux is the Debian-based Linux distribution that ships with over 600 pre-installed offensive security tools — Nmap, Metasploit, Burp Suite, Wireshark, Aircrack-ng, Hashcat, John the Ripper, and the rest of the standard pentester toolkit. It has become the default operating system for penetration testers, CTF players, bug bounty hunters, and security students for one reason: it removes the friction of setting up a working hacking environment. You don't spend a weekend hunting down tool dependencies. You boot a VM, and you're working.

The tutorials in this section are written for the person who learns by doing. Every guide walks through real commands against a real (intentionally vulnerable) target, with real output you should expect to see. Where a flag is unusual, I explain it. Where a step can fail in five different ways, I cover the common failure modes. If you've ever read a tutorial that skipped from "install the tool" to "now do an advanced attack" with nothing in between, this is the antidote.

The articles below are organized by topic: installation and setup, individual tool deep-dives (Nmap, Hashcat, Wireshark, Burp Suite), wireless and password-cracking workflows, and reference material like the bash cheatsheet. If you're brand new, the recommended starting order is below.

Where to Start

All Kali Linux Tutorials

Frequently Asked Questions about Kali Linux

Is it legal to use Kali Linux?

Yes. Installing and running Kali Linux is legal in every country. What is illegal is using its tools against systems you do not own or have explicit written authorization to test — that violates the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) in the US, the Computer Misuse Act in the UK, and equivalent laws everywhere else. Practice on your own VMs, intentionally vulnerable images like Metasploitable and DVWA, or authorized platforms like HackTheBox and TryHackMe.

Should I install Kali on my main machine?

No. Kali is built for offensive work, not daily computing. It runs many services as root by default, ships with tools that can disrupt networks if misconfigured, and changes the default kernel and package set in ways that can surprise you. Run it in VirtualBox, VMware, or WSL2 alongside your normal OS. The performance hit on modern hardware is negligible and the safety upside is significant.

What is the difference between Kali Linux and Parrot OS?

Both are Debian-based security distributions with overlapping tool sets. Kali is the industry default — when a course, certification, or job description references a pentesting OS, it almost always means Kali. Parrot OS is lighter on resources and ships with a privacy/anonymity focus (AnonSurf, hardened defaults). If you are learning and want the maximum amount of tutorials and community help, choose Kali. If you are resource-constrained or care about anonymity tooling out of the box, Parrot is reasonable.

How do I keep Kali Linux up to date?

Run sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y weekly. Kali rolls fast — tools get new features and security patches constantly, and lagging by a few months can leave you running outdated versions of Burp, Nmap, or hashcat. Do not run partial upgrades (apt upgrade without full-upgrade); Kali expects the full-upgrade behavior because of its rolling-release model.

Do I need to learn Linux before learning Kali?

You need to be comfortable with the command line — moving around the filesystem, editing files, running commands as root, understanding what a process is. You do not need to be a sysadmin. The bash cheatsheet on this site covers the working subset most pentesters use day to day. Beyond that, learn what you need as you encounter it.

Can I run Kali Linux on Apple Silicon (M1, M2, M3, M4)?

Yes. The Apple Silicon installation path uses VirtualBox or UTM with the ARM64 Kali image. Performance on M-series chips is excellent — often faster than running Kali on a comparable Intel x86 laptop because of how efficiently the ARM build runs natively. See the VirtualBox install guide for the step-by-step.